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The nanosuspension of quercetin (QT-NS) was prepared by a miniaturized milling method, and the process was optimized by Box-Behnken response surface method. Then the accumulative release rate of QT-NS in vitro was determined. The results showed that the optimal process parameters were as follows: ZrO2 4.5 mL, milling speed 690 r•min⁻¹ and milling time 1.5 h; the particle size of QT-NS was (169±5) nm, polydispersity index of 0.204±0.006 and stability index of 0.827±0.014, respectively. There was a little deviation between the theoretically predicted value and the measured value, indicating that this model had a good prediction effect. The accumulative release rate in vitro of QT-NS in 120 min was significantly higher than that of the raw drug and physical mixture. This simple low-cost miniaturization approach could prepare QT-NS successfully, and could provide reference for the formulation of the nanosuspension.
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To increase the permeation and retention of isopsoralen in skin, and improve its bioavailability.Isopsoralen loaded nanostructure liquid carrier (IPRN-NLC) was prepared by high pressure homogenization andoptimized by orthogonal experiment with the encapsulation efficiency, drug loading and average particle size as the evaluation indexes. The in vitro transdermal permeation of IPRN-NLC was evaluated by Franze diffusion cells.The results showed that solid-liquid lipid ratio of optimum IPRN-NLC formulation was 7∶3,drug-lipid ratio of 1∶30, 1% surfactant. Under these conditions, IPRN-NLC had an average encapsulation of （90.25±0.73）%,drug loading of （1.56±0.27）% and an average particle size of (305±1.57) nm.The in vitro transdermal permeation results showed that IPRN-NLC could increase the amount of IPRN permeated though skin, with 3 times of the epidermal retention as compared with IPRN solution. From the results we can know that the IPRN-NLC prepared by high pressure homogenization can improve the permeation andaccumulation of IPRN in the skin, with wide application prospects in the field of transdermal administration.
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Objective:To explore evaluative value of ultrasound contrast for carotid atherosclerotic plaque angiogene-sis in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).Methods:A total of 62 CHD patients (CHD group)and 62 healthy subjects undergoing physical examination (healthy control group)were selected.Both groups received ultra-sound contrast examination.Plaque condition was observed:its time to peak (TTP),area under the curve (AUC) and ratio of maximum peak intensity (IMAX%)were compared between two groups.Results:Compared with healthy control group,there were significant rise in detection rates of soft plaque (8.06% vs.56.45%),hard plaque (3.23% vs.25.81%)and mixed plaque (1.61% vs.17.74%),P =0.001 all;significant reduction in TTP [(22.04±3.41)s vs.(17.69±3.62)s],and significant rise in IMAX% [(50.11±4.12)% vs.(68.25±6.29)%] and AUC [(1485.62±254.13)Db/s vs.(2312.15±352.69)Db/s]in CHD group,P =0.001 all.Ultrasound con-trast indicated that carotid low echo plaque showed diffuse enhancement and carotid ulcer plaque showed linear en-hancement of ulcer boundary in CHD group,but there was no significant enhancement in carotid plaque image in healthy control group.Conclusion:Ultrasound contrast can determine the nature of atherosclerotic plaques,assess degree of angiogenesis,and provide clinical reference.
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Objective:To explore evaluative value of ultrasound contrast for carotid atherosclerotic plaque angiogene-sis in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).Methods:A total of 62 CHD patients (CHD group)and 62 healthy subjects undergoing physical examination (healthy control group)were selected.Both groups received ultra-sound contrast examination.Plaque condition was observed:its time to peak (TTP),area under the curve (AUC) and ratio of maximum peak intensity (IMAX%)were compared between two groups.Results:Compared with healthy control group,there were significant rise in detection rates of soft plaque (8.06% vs.56.45%),hard plaque (3.23% vs.25.81%)and mixed plaque (1.61% vs.17.74%),P =0.001 all;significant reduction in TTP [(22.04±3.41)s vs.(17.69±3.62)s],and significant rise in IMAX% [(50.11±4.12)% vs.(68.25±6.29)%] and AUC [(1485.62±254.13)Db/s vs.(2312.15±352.69)Db/s]in CHD group,P =0.001 all.Ultrasound con-trast indicated that carotid low echo plaque showed diffuse enhancement and carotid ulcer plaque showed linear en-hancement of ulcer boundary in CHD group,but there was no significant enhancement in carotid plaque image in healthy control group.Conclusion:Ultrasound contrast can determine the nature of atherosclerotic plaques,assess degree of angiogenesis,and provide clinical reference.
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To prepare tanshinone ⅡA loaded nanostructured lipid carrier (Tan ⅡA-NLC), and study its in vitro transdermal permeation characteristics. The Tan ⅡA-NLC was prepared by high pressure homogenization technology and optimized by Box-Behnken design-response surface method, and it was characterized in terms of morphology, particle size, zeta potention, et al. The transdermal permeation of Tan ⅡA-NLC was evaluated by using Franz diffusion cells. The results showed that, the optimal formulation was as follows: drug/lipid materials ratio 88, GMS/MCT ratio 2, emulsifier concentration 1%, average particle size (182±14) nm, polydispersity index PDI (0.190 6±0.024 5), zeta potential (－27.8± 5.4) mV, encapsulation efficiency EE (86.44%±9.26%) and drug loading DL (0.98%±0.18%), respectively. The in vitro transdermal permeation results showed that as compared with Tan ⅡA solution, Tan ⅡA-NLC had lower transdermal permeation amount after applying drug for 24 h, but its retention in the epidermis was 3.18 times that of solution. These results indicated that the prepared Tan ⅡA-NLC could effectively increase the regention of Tan ⅡA in the epidermis, and had a broad application prospect.
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The necessity of bibliotherapy for breast cancer patients after operation was analyzed, the methods of bibliotherapy for breast cancer patients after operation were described with certain measures put forward to overcome the difficulties in bibliotherapy by establishing bibliotherapy team, selecting bibliography , popularizing bibliotherapy , and designing bibliotherapy forms.
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Objective To assess the values of automated breast volume scanner (ABVS) for differentiating of benign and malignant breast masses.Methods A total 174 breast masses in 148 patients were subjected both to conventional handheld B-mode ultrasound (HHUS) and ABVS examinations.The masses were defined as five categories of benign,probably benign,equivocal,probably malignant,and malignant with each method.The results of ABVS and HHUS were compared with pathology.By using the definitive diagnosis and the five levels of suspicion categories,receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn to evaluate their diagnostic results.In addition,the diagnostic accuracy for breast masses of futures including retraction phenomenon and hyperechoic rim in coronal plane of ABVS was evaluated.Results The area under the ROC curve of ABVS (0.927) was larger than that of HHUS (0.903) (Z =2.256,P =0.024).The specificity and the positive predictive values both reached to 100％ and false positive rate was 0 with retraction phenomenon,and the specificity and the negative predictive value were 88.89％ and 94.51％ respectively with hyperechoic rim in coronal plane of ABVS.Conclusions ABVS plays an important role in the clinical practice.The retraction phenomenon and hyperechoic rim of breast masses in coronal plane of this new modality have high specialty for differentiating malignant from benign breast masses.
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Human hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) binding protein(SBP) shows a specific binding ability to HBV surface antigen HBsAg. Previous work proved an ability of SBP to enhance the immune response of HBsAg vaccine. To investigate the function and mechanism of this protein, we constructed SBP-expression strains with Pichia pastoris expression system. We screened these strains and have got an expression strain with high protein expression quantity. Fermentation product was collected and purified to gain a large amount of purified protein. Identification of purified SBP with SDS-PAGE, High performance liquid chromatography, Western blotting and mass spectrometry suggested that the protein was highly purified and with a good integrity. ELISA test of purified SBP showed a significant binding ability to HBsAg, suggesting a good protein activity. This work offers a solid foundation to the research of SBP function and mechanism of immune enhancement.